淀粉基天然高分子表面活性剂羧甲基淀粉硬脂酸酯的制备及其在纺织助剂中的应用

摘要

A novel starch based natural polymeric surfactant,carboxymethyl starch stearate CMS-St was prepared by etherification/esterification two-step method,using corn starch as raw material,monochloro acetic acid as etherifying agent and methyl stearate as esterifying agent,to introduce carboxylic and stearyl groups onto starch macromolecules.The effect of stearyl substitution degree(DS)on the combing oil thickening and stabilization properties of CMS-St was investigated.The results showed:when stearyl sub-stitution degree was 0.332 the CMS-St could significantly improve the viscosity and emulsifying stability of the combine oil emulsion.When CMS-St(DS=0.332)was used in rabbit hair spinning combine oil as a natural polymeric emulsifier,the web formation and fiber cohesion of rabbit hair were significantly im-proved,thus the spinnability of rabbit hair could be greatly improved.%以玉米淀粉为原料,一氯乙酸为醚化剂,硬脂酸甲酯为酯化剂,采用醚化-酯化两步法,将亲水基团羧酸基与疏水基团硬脂酰基引入到淀粉大分子上,制备出新型淀粉基天然高分子表面活性剂——羧甲基淀粉硬脂酸酯(CMS-St),考察硬脂酰基取代度DS对CMS-St溶解性及其对和毛油乳液增稠性与稳定性的影响.结果表明,当硬脂酰基取代度为0.332时,CMS-St可显著提高和毛油乳状液的粘度及乳化稳定性,以CMS-St(DS=0.332)为和毛油的天然高分子乳化剂用于兔毛毛纺,可显著改善兔毛纤维的成网性及毛网内纤维的抱合力,极大地提高了兔毛的可纺性能.