D SNs中基于虚拟力的节点部署与目标定位方案

摘要

基于分簇的分布式传感器网络的有效性在很大程度上取决于传感器部署所实现的覆盖范围。针对现有的节点部署与目标定位方案的不足，提出一种虚拟力量算法作为传感器部署策略，以便在传感器初始随机部署后提升覆盖范围。给定一定数量的传感器后，该策略通过综合利用引力和斥力来确定传感器在随机部署之后的虚拟移动路径和移动速度，从而使传感器区域覆盖最大化。同时，提出一种由簇头运行的概率目标定位算法。簇头只需查询少量传感器（汇报目标存在的部分传感器）即可获得详细定位信息。仿真实验结果表明，方案只需一次性计算即可同步确定所有传感器节点的位置，概率定位算法也可显著节约目标检测和定位的能耗。%The effectiveness of cluster-based distributed sensor networks depends to a large extent on the coverage provided by the sensor deployment.Aiming at the disadvantages of the existing node deployment and target localization scheme,this paper proposed a virtual forced algorithm as a sensor deployment strategy to enhance the coverage after an initial random placement of sensors.For a given number of sensors,the proposed algorithm attempted to maximize the sensor field coverage by judicious combination of attractive’and used repulsive forces to determine virtual motion paths and the rate of movement for the random-ly-placed sensors.At the same time,it also proposed a novel probabilistic target localization algorithm that was executed by the cluster head.It used the localization results by the cluster head to query only a few sensors (out of those that report the pre-sence of a target)for more detailed information.The simulation results show that the proposed scheme performs a one-time computation and determines sensor locations at the same time for all the sensor nodes.In addition,the proposed probabilistic localization algorithm can significantly reduce the energy consumption for target detection and location.