不同作物秸秆腐熟还田对土壤理化性质及作物产量的影响分析

摘要

In this study,literature of the straw decayed returning of the research samples were retrieved to form a database of the physicochemical properties of soil and crop yield from Chinese literature. Effects of treating differ-ent crop straw returning to field with decomposition on the physicochemical properties of soil and crop yield was analyzed.The results showed that different crop straw returning could increase soil fertility,and improve soil per-meability,water and fertilizer retention capacity,soil structure,and adjust the soil pH,and significantly increase fol-lowing crop.Different crop straw decomposed returning have different advantages.Rice-straw and maize-straw de-composed returning is the most obvious advantage than direct returning,followed by wheat-straw.Rape straw de-composed returning is no obvious advantage than that direct returning.Therefore,rice straw and maize straw return-ing have more promotion advantage by rapid compost.%　　检索文献获取秸秆腐熟还田土壤理化性质及作物产量的信息并形成数据集，并对不同作物秸秆腐熟还田对土壤理化性状及作物产量的影响数据进行了统计分析。结果表明：不同作物秸秆还田均可培肥地力，增强土壤透气性、提高保水保肥能力，改善土壤结构，调节土壤酸碱度，且明显增加后茬作物产量。不同作物秸秆腐熟还田优势各异，水稻、玉米秸秆腐熟还田比直接还田优势最为明显，其次是小麦秸秆；油菜秸秆腐熟还田比直接还田没有明显优势。因此水稻和玉米秸秆采用腐熟还田更具推广优势。