不同施肥对板栗林土壤生物学性质及产量的影响

摘要

In order to explore the effect of different fertilization patterns on the yield of chestnut,four treat-ments,i.e. no fertilizer,reducing fertilizer,conventional fertilizer and increment fertilizer,have been set up on the old county street in TongLu County,and the soil biology and the productivity of the four treatments have also been studied. The result shows that under definite fertilizer supply,the biomass of soil microor-ganisms in the chestnut forest increases with rising fertilizer supply. The qualities of Bacteria ,fungi and ac-tinomycetes are expressed as conventional fertilizer > increment fertilizer > Reducing fertilizer > no fertiliz-er. The soil enzyme activity is significantly increased by fertilization,and the activities of sucrase、urease、phosphatase are expressed as increment fertilizer > conventional fertilizer > reducing fertilizer > no fertiliz-er. Different treatments have no significantly effect on Chestnut single fruit weight. The average single fruit weight ranges from 8.50 to 8.85 gram per capsule. With the increase of fertilizer rate,chestnut forest yield increases significantly,however,excessive fertilization has negative effect on the yield. The productivity of different chestnut forest ranges from 693.0 to 1 273.5 kilogram per ha.%为了探讨不同施肥对板栗产量的影响，在桐庐县旧县街道设置了4个施肥处理，分别是不施肥、减量施肥、常规施肥和增量施肥，对其土壤生物学和产量进行研究。结果表明，在一定施肥范围内，随着施肥量的增加，板栗林地土壤微生物数量也随着增加，细菌、真菌、放线菌数量均表现为常规施肥＞增量施肥＞减量施肥＞不施肥。施肥显著提高了土壤酶活性，蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶活性均表现为增量施肥＞常规施肥＞减量施肥＞不施肥。不同施肥对板栗单果重没有显著影响，平均单果重在8.50～8.85g/粒。随着施肥量的增加，板栗林产量显著增加，但过量施肥反而使产量降低，不同施肥板栗林产量介于693.0～1273.5kg/hm2。