一种正在驯化利用的珍贵野生水果-木通

摘要

木通是原产我国长江流域及其周围地区的一种野生水果,主要有三叶木通、白木通及木通三个种类(亚种).木通具有果实较大、早结丰产、风味品质优异、适应性强等诸多优良性状,但存在果皮较厚、种子偏多、可食部分较少等问题.木通又是一种传统中药,具有清热利尿、通经活血、消除色斑、败毒抗癌等多种药用功能.木通可用作鲜食果品、食品加工、护肤品以及药物开发.为此,我们正全面开展木通驯化利用研究,包括品种选育、栽培技术、贮藏保鲜技术、加工技术及相关的基础性研究.为便于木通的商业化开发,已注册了"和欢果"和"Joyfruit"的中、英文商品名.%Akebia is a wild fruit originating in the Yangtse river valley and the surrounding areas. It includes mainly three species (subspecies): Akebia trifoliata, Akebia trifoliata subsp. australis, and Akebia quinata. It has many good traits, such as large fruit size, early fruit-setting and high yield, excellent eating quality, and good environmental adaptability. However, there are some shortcomings with the fruit, including thick skin, excessive number of seeds, and relatively small proportion of edible flesh. Akebia is also a traditional Chinese medicine, which has the functions of relieving internal heat and diuresis, dredging venation and improving blood circulation, cleansing facial chloasma, detoxication and anti-cancer activities. Akebia can be used as fresh fruit, for processing, and for pharmaceutical purposes. We have been undertaking a series of research on the domestication and utilization of Akebia, including cultivar selection, techniques for cultivation, storage and processing, and related basic studies. A Chinese trade name "Hehuanguo" and an English trade name "Joyfruit" have been registered for Akebia to facilitate its commercial development.