喷施KCI对油菜光合产物及籽粒产量和品质影响研究

摘要

[目的]探求油菜优质高产栽培途径.[方法]采用士培试验,在油菜盛花期对其茎叶喷施质量分数为1.00%的KCl溶液和质量分数为1.17%的K2SO4溶液和清水,于角果初期和收获期采样,测定油菜光和产物、可溶性糖和游离氡基酸含量.[结果]与对照相比,喷施1.00%KCl溶液能提高了角果初期功能叶叶绿索a含量和叶、茎及花果可溶性糖和游离氨基酸含量,并降低了收获期叶茎可溶性糖、游离氨基酸含量,使籽粒产量平均增重10.20%,籽粒油分、油酸和亚油酸含量分别平均提高了4.40%、10.60%、11.40%,蛋白质、芥酸和硫甙含量分别半均降低了 5.10%、9.70%、3.70%.喷施K2SO4与对照间差异不显著,与喷施KCI间差异显著.[结论]该试验结果为提高油菜产量及品质研究提供了理论依据.%[Objective]In order to seek the way of high quality and high yield of oilseed rape.[Method]Soil culture experiment was used in this research.1%(mass fraction)KCI solution was sprayed to the stems and leaves of oilseed rape in full blooming stage while 1.17%(mass fraction)K2SO4 solution and clear water were used for comparison,sampling in initial silique stage and harvest stage were conducted to detect photosynthata,soluble sugar and free amino acids content.[Result]The results showed that compared with spraying clear water,spraying KCI solution increased the contents of chlorophyll a in functional leaves,the contents of free amino acids and soluble sugar in leaves,stems and silique,and the total amounts of them all in initial silique stage but decreased the contents of free amino acids and soluble sugar in leaves and stems,and the total amounts of them all in harvesting stage,increased the average grain yield 10.20%,increased the average contents of oil,oleinic acid and linoleic acid in rapeseed 4.40%,10.60% and 11.40% respectively,decreased the content of protein,erucic acid and glucosinolate in rapeseed 5.10%,9.70% and 3.70% respectively.No significant difference between spraying K2SO4 solution and spraying clear water,significant difference between them all and spraying KCI solution.[Conclusion]The experimental results provided theoretical basis for increasing oilseed rape yield and quality researches.