设施农业生产期光照变化及其影响

摘要

The aim was to explore the change of illumination resources of protected agriculture in frost period to lay foundation for sustainable development of protected agriculture.[Method] The characters of illumination changes of protected agriculture in production period were analyzed based on climate tendency and standard deviation in 1961-2010.[Result] The production period of protected agriculture is from October to April of following year,when both of solar radiation and illumination hour were declining and climate tendencies were-0.066 9 and-2.036 9 h/y.In 2001-2010,daily illumination hour reduced 0.49 h.Additionally,from December to February of the following year,total solar radiation and illumination hour were declining and the climate tendencies were-0.019 2 and-0.458 9 h/y.In general,the reduction of illumination resource significantly affects protected agriculture.Therefore,structure of greenhouse and management of cultivation should be improved to promote protected agriculture.[Conclusion] The research provides references for protected agriculture development in western part of Liaoning.%[目的]研究霜期设施农业生产期光资源变化问题,以期为合理掌握和推进霜期设施农业的可持续发展奠定基础.[方法]采用气候倾向率和标准偏差方法,分析1961～2010年霜期设施农业生产期光照资源变化特征.[结果]设施农业生产期为10月至翌年4月,太阳总辐射和日照时数呈显著减少趋势,其气候倾向率分别为-0.066 9 MJ/(m2·a)和-2.036 9 h/a;2001～2010年平均每日减少日照时间0.49 h.12月至翌年2月寒冷期太阳总辐射和日照时数存在减少倾向,其气候倾向率分别为-0.019 2MJ/(m2·a)和-0.458 9 h/a.光照资源的减少严重影响设施农业的发展,应及时调整和改进目前的日光温室大棚设施结构和栽培管理形式,增设调控设备,确保设施农业可持续发展.[结论]该研究结果为辽宁西部设施农业的可持续发展提供了帮助.