印水型杂交粳稻产量及产量构成因素的配合力分析

摘要

Objective] This study aimed to analyze the yield potential of newly devel-oped Yinshui-type japonica hybrid rice parents and provide the theoretical basis for breeding of Yinshui-type japonica hybrid rice. [Method] An incomplete dial el cross of four cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines and four restorer lines was designed to in-vestigate the combining ability for yield and yield components of Yinshui-type japoni-ca hybrid rice. [Result] The variances of general combining ability (GCA) for yield traits were extremely significantly different. GCA variances of male parents were higher than that of female parents except for seed-setting rate. The variances of specific combining ability (SCA) for grain yield per plant, number of effective spikes and seed-setting rate were significantly or extremely significantly different. 139A and Wanlun 422 exhibited higher GCA effects. Most yield traits of these two parents be-longed to type Ⅱ. Combinations 139A ×Wanlun 422 and Liaojing10A ×Wanlun 422 had relatively high grain yield per plant and SCA effects. GCA effects of restorer lines and SCA effects of combinations greatly affected yield traits, while GCA ef-fects of CMS lines slightly affected yield traits. [Conclusion] ln this study, restorer lines exhibited greater genetic differences and impact on yield traits than CMS lines;139A and Wanlun 422 possessed higher application potential.%[目的]旨在为确定新育成印水型杂交粳稻亲本的产量潜力，并为印水型杂交粳稻育种提供理论基础。[方法]本研究以4个不育系和4个恢复系为亲本进行不完全双列杂交，研究产量及其构成因素的配合力。[结果]产量性状一般配合力(GCA)方差均达极显著水平，除结实率外，父本的一般配合力方差大于母本，单株产量、有效穗和结实率的特殊配合力(SCA)方差达显著或极显著水平。139A和晚轮422的 GCA效应较高，产量性状以Ⅱ类为主，139A×晚轮422和辽粳10A×晚轮422的单株产量水平及组合 SCA效应较高。父本 GCA效应和组合 SCA效应对产量性状的影响较大，母本 GCA效应对产量性状的影响相对较小。[结论]本研究中，父本的遗传差异大于母本，对产量性状的影响也大于母本，139A和晚轮422有较大应用潜力。