通过田间大区试验研究了干旱年份播期对旱地小麦生长发育、籽粒产量和水分利用效率的影响.结果表明,9月30日播种,分蘖成穗率高,群体合理,灌浆前中期旗叶叶绿素SPAD相对值最高,上三叶总干物质转移量和总转移率居中,快、缓增期籽粒灌浆持续时间T2和T3最长,灌浆平均速率最高,成穗数最多,千粒重最高,籽粒产量最高,达2 623.3 kg/hm2,分别较9月20日和10月5日播种增产84.48%和10.11%;9月30日播种,生育期耗水量居中,籽粒水分生产率最高,达0.979 kg/mm.因此,临汾市尧都区旱地小麦播期适当推迟到9月30日左右,可提高自然降水生产效率,实现高产高效.%Effect of sowing date on growth, grain yield, water use efficiency(WUE) of winter wheat on dry land in arid years was investigated through field experiment. The results showed that wheat sowing on September 30 could get high tillering and high panicle rate and rational groups. Furthermore, it had high SPAD value of flag leaves, big leaf areas of upper three leaves, and total transfer amount and total transfer rate during early and middle filling stage were between other sowing dates. It could also keep the longest filling period of fast and slowly increasing stages( T2, T3), and the highest average filling rate(R). All of these led to the most panicles, the highest 1000-kernel weight, and the highest grain yield of 2 623.3 kg/hm2, which was 84.48 ％ and 10.11％ higher than the wheat sowing at September 20 and October 5, respectively. When sowing on September 30, the water consumption of wheat during growth stage was between those with other sowing dates, and WUE of grain was 0.979 kg/mm, which was the highest.
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