干旱荒漠绿洲区酿酒葡萄滴灌控水灌溉试验研究

摘要

This experiment studied the effect of water regulate and control on water consumption regularity ,yield and quality of wine grape (Merlot ,13 a) under drip irrigation .The results showed that water consumption intensity in berry growth period reached 2 .64 ~ 3 .66 mm・d - 1 ,the water consumption modulus accounted more than 50% .Mean-while ,the yield reduced 61 .2% and water use efficiency dropped 38 .5% in this period ,the total sugar and soluble solids content lessened ,and the titratable acid content rised under deficit irrigation in this period .In new shoot growing period and flowering fruit-set period ,the severe water deficit had little influence on yield ,and the water use efficiency can be increased 10% .While in berry maturity period ,the severe water deficit could enhanced the total sugar and solu -ble solids content ,reduced the titratable acid content .But the yield reduced 44 .7% ,the water use efficiency can be dropped 23% .Through the comprehenve analysis ,it was the optimal water regulating and controlling model for increas-ing wine grape yield and water use efficiency ,and improving fruit qualities as severe water deficit in new shoot growing period and flowering fruit-set period ,full water supply in berry growth period ,and moderate water deficit in berry maturi-ty period .%以13 a 生酿酒葡萄梅鹿辄（Merlot）为试材，研究滴灌条件下水分调控对梅鹿辄耗水规律、产量与品质的影响。结果表明，浆果生长期耗水强度达2．64～3．66 mm・d －1，耗水模数占到50％以上，该阶段亏水减产幅度高达61．2％，WUE 降低38．5％，同时导致总糖和可溶性固形物含量降低，可滴定酸含量升高；新梢生长期和开花座果期重度亏水对产量影响较小，WUE 可提高10％左右；浆果成熟期重度亏水可以显著提高酿酒葡萄总糖和可溶性固形物含量，降低可滴定酸含量，但同时减产幅度为44．7％，WUE 降低23％。综合分析认为，本试验中新梢生长期和开花座果期重度亏水、浆果生长期充分供水、浆果成熟期适度亏水是提高酿酒葡萄产量、WUE 以及改善果实品质总体最优的水分调控模式。