精密高速电主轴动力学特性及轴承刚度软化分析

摘要

A precision high speed spindle sys-tem spindle structure is introduced. Its characteristics and inlfuence factors of high speed processing working condi-tion are analyzed and discussed. By modeling spindle and bearings using finite element method through a spring-damper unit instead of spindle bearing, the spindle static mechanical properties, modal and harmonic response anal-ysis are studied under different spring element arrange-ment types. High speed bearing softening effect for spindle system dynamic characteristics are discussed under the high speed machining status of the spindle by using ifnite element method. This provides an new idea on the spindle system dynamic analysis.%针对某精密高速电主轴系统，介绍主轴的系统结构，分析其高速加工状态下的特点和影响要素，对主轴和轴承采用有限元建模方法，用弹簧阻尼单元模拟主轴轴承支承。对不同弹簧单元布置形式下主轴系统的静力学特性，谐响应和模态进行了分析研究。在主轴高速加工的状态下，采用有限元法研究了基于高速旋转状态下轴承软化效应的主轴系统动特性，结果表明该种方法对于高速运行状态下能一定程度对动力学特性的变化规律进行仿真模拟，为快速分析高速下由于轴承软化现象引起的系统固有频率变化提供了一种思路。