湖泊生态系统健康评价方法研究进展

摘要

The progress of the research on lake ecosystem health is systematically reviewed from the view of generation, development as well as conception. Thus, this paper introduces and discusses the latest methodologies of evaluation to lake ecosystem health, including biological indicating and multi-index evaluation methods, and analyzes the adaptability together with their limitations. Furthermore, using the experience in evaluation of environmental quality and sustainable development for reference, more adaptive methodologies for evaluating the health of lake ecosystem within different spatial-temporal scale are explored. In addition, it is summarized some key problems existing in the process of lake ecosystem health assessment, including the determination of connotation and standards of lake ecosystem health, the combination of spatial and temporal scale, the consideration of threshold value of key indicators, and the promotion of data refinement and data availability. Finally, it is proposed several prioritize directions for further study based on problems in the current state-of-the-art.%在介绍湖泊生态系统健康的产生、发展、内涵，梳理湖泊生态系统健康研究进展的基础上，归纳总结了近年来几种常用的生态系统健康评价方法，包括生物监测法和多指标综合评价法，剖析了不同评价方法的优缺点。借鉴环境质量评价、可持续发展评价等领域的评价方法，探讨不同时空尺度更为完善的湖泊生态系统健康评价方法，并总结了目前湖泊生态系统健康评价过程中存在的关键问题，包括健康内涵和标准的确定、评价方法的时空尺度结合、关键性指标的阈值和数据精炼等，认为结合遥感、GIS以及生态系统研究网络等定量技术，建立多尺度互为耦合的模型，是湖泊生态系统健康评价方法的未来发展方向。