对牙鲆进行一代选择之后的育种效果分析

摘要

In order to evaluate the effectiveness of selective breeding in Paralichthys olivaceus , we used the individuals from the first selected generation as parents and constructed 10 half-sib families and 20 full-sib families by artificial fertilization. The 4-month aged individuals were randomly selected from each half-sib family for growth parameter measurements. Variance analysis showed that the mean body weight of selected groups was 2. 91 g heavier in the selected group, representing a 11. 25% increase than that of wild control group. The difference was significant (p<0. 05). The total length of the selected group was 1. 33 cm longer in the selected group, showing a 10. 36% increase than that of the control group, and the difference was highly significant (p<0. 01). These results showed a high effectiveness of selection for growth traits in P. olivaceus. The estimated heritability of body weight, full length and body depth was 0. 656~0.731, 0. 481~0. 742 and 0. 480~0. 651, respectively. All these parameters belonged to the higher heritability, suggesting that the succeeding selection for these traits can still get a good genetic gain.%为评估牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)人工选育的育种效果,以2007年经过家系选育的具有优良生长性状的第一代个体为亲本,依据巢式交配设计,构建了第二代10个半同胞家系和20个全同胞家系.在养殖4个月后进行生长性状的测定,对比测试结果表明,选育第二代群体的平均体质量比未经选育的对照提高2.91g,遗传增益为11.25％,显著高于未经选育的群体(p＜0.05)；选育群体平均全长较未选育的对照提高1.33 cm,遗传增益为10.36％,极显著高于未经选育的群体(p＜0.01),表明第一代对生长性状的选育达到良好的效果.选育第二代的体重、全长和体高的遗传力为分别为0.656～0.731,0.481～0.742,0.480～0.651,均属于高等遗传力,显示牙鲆选择育种仍旧可以取得较快的遗传进展,具有较大的选择潜力.