CFD在概念－初步设计阶段三维气动外形优化中的应用

摘要

在飞行器概念－初步设计阶段，建立基于C FD的气动优化链对于提高优化计算的效率具有较好的工程应用价值。使用德国宇航院开发的CPACS数据格式给出飞行器平面形状，结合NURBS翼型参数化方法对飞行器几何外形进行参数化；自动生成计算网格并求解Euler方程数值模拟流场以评估参数化气动外形的气动特性，进而构建响应面模型；使用SQP梯度算法搜索响应面模型以获取满足约束的最优解。以Onera M6机翼为例，对该优化链进行验证。结果表明：在满足约束的条件下，基于C FD的气动优化链能够成功地进行气动外形优化。%An aerodynamic optimization chain based on CFD is of great significance for conceptual and prelimina‐ry design .The combination of NURBS(Non‐Uniform Rational B‐Splines) parameterization method and CPACS (Common Parametric Aircraft Configuration Schema) data format developed by Deutsches Zentrum für Luft‐und Raumfahrt(DLR) can successfully describe the parameterized configuration of the entire aircraft .The grids for calculating the Euler equations are automatically generated and the aerodynamic characteristics of parameterized aerodynamic shape are evaluated .Then the response surface model(RSM ) is built .Based on RSM the SQP(Se‐quential Quadratic Programming) gradient algorithm is sought under satisfying constraints .An Onera M6 wing is chosen to validate the optimization chain .The optimization results indicate that under conditions of constraint ,aerody‐namic configuration can be optimized successfully by an aerodynamic optimization chain based on CFD .