长三角典型城市公交车道路NOx 排放测试

摘要

为了研究长三角典型城市公交车在实际道路的氮氧化物( NOx )排放特性,采用便携式车载排放测试系统( PEMS),对上海、杭州和苏州3大城市的国Ⅲ、国Ⅳ柴油公交车及LNG公交车共8辆进行实际道路NOx 排放试验。结果表明：在稳态行驶工况下,柴油公交车NOx 稳态每秒排放呈上升趋势,LNG公交车呈波动变化；国Ⅲ柴油公交车NOx 稳态燃料排放呈波动变化,国Ⅳ柴油及LNG公交车呈下降趋势；随比功率增加,柴油公交车NOx 瞬态排放大体呈逐渐增加的趋势,而LNG公交车呈先减少后增大的趋势,公交车NOx 综合单位里程排放因子在5.0 g/km~19.1 g/km之间,排放因子约为5.1 g/(kW·h)~15.8 g/(kW·h)。%To study the characteristics of nitrogen oxides ( NOx ) emissions from vehicles in the Yangtze Riv-er Delta, this research uses a portable emission measurement system (PEMS), which includes 8 typical urban buses in Shanghai, Hangzhou and Suzhou, including China Ⅲ, Ⅳ diesel buses, and LNG buses. The experimental results show that the NOx emission of diesel buses increases with the increase of speed in steady state, but the NOx emission of LNG bus changes. The fuel emissions of China Ⅲ diesel buses are fluctuating, while ChinaⅣdiesel buses and LNG buses show a decrease trend. The NOx of different types of diesel buses are gradually increasing with the increase of VSP, but the LNG buses show the trend of first decrease and then in-crease. Bus NOx integrated emission factor ranges in 5. 0 g/km ~19. 1 g/km, and the emission factor in 5. 1 g/ (kW·h) ~15. 8 g/ (kW·h).