低碳经济政策失灵的原因分析及应对措施--基于微观经济个体的视角

摘要

One of the reasons of the failure of the country′s low-carbon economy policy lies in the contradiction between the micro economic individual chasing the benefit maximization and the resource as well as environmental protection, which shows the “tragedy of the commons” of the policy implementation,the technical bottleneck of the policy innova-tion,the ambiguity of the policy formulation and the unreasonable policy resource allocation.Therefore,the paper,combin-ing the operational mechanism of the low-carbon economy and carrying on analyzing reasons of the failure of the low-carbon economy policy from the perspective of the micro economic individual,holds that the governments should govern the low-carbon economy policy′s failure problem by strengthening the positive and negative incentive measures of the micro economic individual,increasing the policy support force of the technical innovation,formulating the detailed low-carbon economy policy catalogue, establishing the micro economic individual′s participation in the policy formulation platform and using the policy tools scientifically and reasonably .%国家低碳经济政策失灵的原因之一在于微观经济个体追求利益最大化与资源环境保护之间的矛盾，表现为政策执行上的“公地悲剧”、政策创新上的技术瓶颈、政策制定上的不明确以及政策资源配置上的不合理。对此，本文结合低碳经济的运行机理，从微观经济个体的角度对低碳经济政策失灵的原因进行分析后认为，政府应通过强化对微观经济个体的正负向激励措施、加大技术创新的政策支持力度、制定详细的低碳经济政策目录、搭建微观经济个体参与政策制定平台、科学合理地运用政策工具来治理低碳经济政策失灵问题。