常见植物挥发物对烟蚜的驱避和抑制定殖活性

摘要

Repellent effect of 56 common plant-derived volatiles were tested on apterous Myzus persicae in a four-sector olfactometer.The compounds showing significantly repellent activity were further tested on their anti-settlement effects either alone or combined binarily. Result of repellent bioassay showed that 5 compounds, (E2, Z6)-nonadienal, citral, cinnamaldehyde, camphor, and dibutyl phthalate had extremely significant repellent effects, with corresponding repellent percentages of 28.63%, 17.74%, 28.24%, 23.90%, and 20.73%, respectively. Borneol, Z9-octadecenoic acid and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one had significant repellence, with repellent percentages of 21.63%, 22.41%, and 22.32%, respectively. All green leaf volatiles and sulfoethers volatiles did not show repellent activity. Results of anti-settlement bioassay showed that methyl salicylate, (E2, Z6)-nonadienal, and citral had strong anti-settling effects, with anti-settling percentages of 67.01%, 61.73%, and 60.68, respectively. As for anti-settlement of the binary mixtures, all pairs showed additive effect. According to their chemical structure, the active compounds can be divided into two categories: conjugated olefine aldehydes or 7, 7-dimethyl-bicycle [2.2.1] heptanes.%　　为筛选对烟蚜具有驱避活性的挥发物，采用四扇区嗅觉仪测定了56种常见植物挥发物对无翅蚜的驱避作用，在网罩中测定了驱避活性物质单独或混合使用对烟蚜定殖行为的影响。驱避活性测定结果表明，(E2, Z6)-壬二烯醛、柠檬醛、肉桂醛、樟脑和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯5种挥发物对烟蚜具有极显著的驱避活性，冰片、油酸和6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮具有显著的驱避活性，而所有绿叶气味类和硫醚类挥发物没有驱避活性。抑制定殖测定结果表明，水杨酸甲酯、(E2, Z6)-壬二烯醛和柠檬醛的抑制定殖活性较强，抑制定殖百分率分别为67.01%、61.73%和60.68%，且这些活性物质二元混合后均表现为加成效应。化学结构分析表明，活性挥发物有两大类共性结构，分别是共轭烯醛类和二环[2.2.1]庚烷碳架结构。