云南高海拔地区不同烤烟品种生长对夜间增温的响应

摘要

'Yunyan 87' and 'K326' were chosen as test material to study response of Yunnan high-altitude grown tobacco to nighttime temperature increase in growing period in greenhouse where temperature was elevated at night and back to normal during day time. Results showed that:with increased night temperature, total growth period of 'Yunyan 87' and the'K326' reduced by 3d and 2d each, and underground and aboveground dry matter accumulation and plant height in different growth periods were significantly higher than control. Total effective leaf number increased by three, and leaf cutting degree was effectively improved, especially the blade lateral growth capacity effectively increased, leaf area expanded, and ratio of length to width became appropriate. Root, leaf dry matter accumulation responded greatly on night temperature increase during resetting growth period while stem of 'K326' responded greatly during vigorous growing period and 'Yunyan 87' at topping period. Night temperature increase in Yunnan high altitude region will contribute to flue-cured tobacco yield production and improve cured leaf quality.%以‘云烟87’和‘K326’两个烤烟品种为试验材料，利用温室大棚夜间关闭升温、白天敞开恢复常温的原理,研究了云南高海拔烤烟大田生育期（移栽至打顶)内生长对夜间增温的响应。研究结果表明：夜温升高可使‘云烟87’和‘K326’生育期总天数较自然对照分别缩短3d和2d，地上和地下部分干物质积累量和株高在各生育节点夜温处理均显著高于对照，两品种打顶时总有效叶片数处理较对照均增加三片，叶片开片度在各生育节点均得到提升，特别是叶片横向生长能力得到有效促进，叶面积相应增大，长宽比趋于协调。同时‘云烟87’和‘K326’植株根、叶干物质积累对夜温响应最大敏感期均为团棵时，而茎因品种不同对夜温响应最大敏感期有所差异，‘K326’为旺长时、‘云烟87’为打顶时。云南高海拔地区夜间温度升高将会对当地烤烟产值产量及烤后烟叶等级结构的提升起到极大的促进作用。