野菜资源蔓赤车（Pellionia scabra）营养成分研究

摘要

Many plants of genus Pellionia (Urticaceae)are with wild vegetable high quality.P.scabra is used widely in Mount Dayaoshan of Guangxi Province and Mount Yaoshan of Guangdong Province.In this paper,the nutritional components of P.scabra were analyzed by using the national standard methods of food detection and instrumental analytical methods such as IRIS Advantage (HR)and Amino Acid An-alyzer.The results show that the stem and leaf of P.scabra contain crude protein 3.21 g,crude fat 1.27 g,total sugar 2.1 9 g,energy 33.03 ×4.1 9 J in every 1 00 g fresh weight and contain Ca 4 1 78.1 3 mg, P 381.05 mg,K 6 1 1 6.78 mg,Na 35.1 0 mg,Mg 1 236.73 mg,Fe 53.81 mg and Cu 2.88 mg in every 1 kg fresh weight.The content of 1 7 amino acids determinated includes 7 essential amino acids accounts for 1 4.36% of the dry weight.Comparing with other common vegetables,the Pellionia scabra could be considered as a kind of wild vegetable with higher nutritious value,abundant nutritional components, mineral element and amino acids.%荨麻科赤车属的许多植物是较为优质的野菜，其中蔓赤车（Pellionia scabra）在广西大瑶山、广东瑶山地区被民间广为食用。采用食品检测常规方法（国家标准）和仪器分析方法（等离子体原子发射光谱仪和氨基酸分析仪），测定了蔓赤车的营养成分。结果表明，蔓赤车每100 g鲜质量中分别有粗蛋白为3.21 g、粗脂肪1.27 g、总糖2.19 g、能量33.03×4.19 J；每1 kg鲜质量有钙Ca 4178.13 mg、磷P 381.05 mg、钾K 6116.78 mg、钠Na 35.10 mg、镁Mg 1236.73 mg、铁Fe 53.81 mg、铜Cu 2.88 mg；检测的17种氨基酸（含7种人体必需氨基酸）占干质量的14.36％。研究表明，蔓赤车基本营养成分含量较高；矿质元素和氨基酸种类丰富且含量稍高，符合蔬菜的营养标准，是一种可开发利用的优质野菜。