室内空气甲醛污染状况及其影响因素分析

摘要

In order to get the indoor formaldehyde pollution level and its affecting factors,indoor formaldehyde concentrations were randomly measured and got 120 valid data at sampling sites indicating five types of public places (market,hotel,home,company,administrating office).The related survey was simultaneously conducted to assess the affecting factors of temperature,atmospheric pressure and relative humidity.The year of decoration and area of room were obtained by inquiry or survey.The average concentration of indoor formaldehyde was (0.124±0.070) mg/m3.Compared with the national standard of indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2002),indoor formaldehyde concentration of 63 in the all 120 valid data exceeded the national standard value and the exceeded ratio was 52.5％.By the analysis of PCA,the indoor formaldehyde concentration was the most prevalent when the age of decoration was lower than one year or the area was lower than 60 m2 or the temperature was higher than 25 ℃ or the RH was higher than 50％.%为获取室内甲醛污染状况及其影响因素,随机抽取商场、酒店、民宅、公司和行政办公室5类公共场所,共获取了120个室内甲醛质量浓度的有效性数据,同时测定了室内温度、大气压和相对湿度.并通过问询和调查获得房间面积、装修年龄等基本情况.结果表明,室内空气甲醛质量浓度的平均值为(0.124±0.070)mg/m3.参照《室内空气质量标准》(GB/T 18883-2002),在120个有效数据中有63个数据甲醛浓度值超标,超标率达到了52.5％.根据对甲醛影响因素的分析,表明甲醛污染主要存在于装修后1年以内、房间面积小于60m2、室内温度高于25℃和相对湿度高于50％的室内.