甘蓝型与白菜型冬油菜杂交 F1代植物学性状及自交亲和性分析

摘要

通过甘蓝型冬油菜与北方白菜型冬油菜及其正反交杂种 F1植物学形态、生长习性、自交亲和性的比较，分析杂种抗寒性、植物学形态、生长习性、自交亲和性的变化。选择白菜型冬油菜陇油9号与甘蓝型冬油菜 Vision 组配的（陇油9号×Vision）、（Vision×陇油9号）甘白杂交正反交组合，通过亲本与杂种形态比较、越冬率统计、套袋自交以及花粉－柱头互作等，对杂种抗寒性、植物学形态、生长习性、自交亲和性作出评价。陇油9号与 Vision 杂交，杂种 F1植物学形态、干物质积累特性为中间型，生长习性和生长点下凹程度均偏白菜型。F1正、反交越冬率分别为68．75％和65．00％，根长为14．83和14．30 cm，根颈直径为6．08和5．67 mm。自交亲和性为：Vision＞F1（Vi-sion×陇油9号）＞F1（陇油9号×Vision）＞陇油9号，其相应的自交亲和指数为20．83，1．09，1．06，0．87；杂种及其亲本的自交亲和性的大小与其花粉在柱头上的萌发数量与萌发速度相一致。陇油9号与 Vision 杂交，杂种 F1抗寒性强于甘蓝型冬油菜，但较白菜型冬油菜弱。同时，白菜型冬油菜与甘蓝型冬油菜杂交，杂种 F1代自交亲和，但杂种的自交亲和程度远远低于甘蓝型冬油菜，而且 F1杂种的自交亲和性因杂交组合方式而有差异。%Changes in cold tolerance,botanical morphology (BM),growth habit (GH)and self-compatibility (SC)of Brassica napus ,Brassica rapa and their hybrids were compared.Vision (B .napus ),Longyou 9 (B .rapa)and their reciprocal crosses progenies were used in the study.The cold tolerance,BM,GH and SCof the hybrids were evaluated by comparing BM,winter performance,bagging selfing and pollen-stigma inter-actions with that of the parent lines.The BM and dry matter accumulation of F1 hybrids (Vision×Longyou 9) was intermediate while GH was similar to B .rapa.Winter survival of F1 plants in reciprocal crosses were 68.75% and 65.00%.Root length of reciprocal crosses in F1 plants were 14.83 and 14.30 cm.Crown diameter of F1 hybrids from reciprocal crosses were 6.08 and 5.67 mm.The SC was highest in Vision and declined in or-der;F1 (Vision×Longyou 9),F1 (Longyou 9 ×Vision),Longyou 9 with SC indices being 20.83,1.09,1.06 and 0.87,respectively.The self-compatibility of parents and F1 plants was consistent with the level of pollen germination.The cold tolerance of hybrids was stronger than B .napus but weaker than B .rapa.The F1 hy-brids were self-compatible,but the degree of the SC was much less than that of B .napus .