采用硬模板法,掺杂硼酸制备了一系列有序介孔炭材料,并研究了其在有机和硫酸电解液中的电容性质.结构分析表明,该类炭材料具有平行排列的有序介孔孔道,随硼酸摩尔分数从0增大至50%,炭材料孔径尺寸从3.3 nm增大至5.7 nm,表面含氧量从2.0%增大至5.2%(摩尔分数).电化学测试表明,在有机电解液中,炭材料的电容性能主要是双电层电容,含氧官能团没有引入明显的赝电容.在硫酸电解液中,掺杂5%硼酸制备的有序介孔炭材料BOMC-5的质量比电容值最大,为140.9 F·g-1;随含氧量增大,炭材料单位面积比电容值增大,掺杂50%硼酸制备的炭材料BOMC-50的单位面积比电容值达到0.17 F·m-2,说明含氧官能团在硫酸电解液中引入明显的赝电容.炭材料的表面化学性质决定了材料表面与电解液的浸润性,是影响炭材料比电容保持率的主要因素.%Ordered mesoporous carbon materials were prepared by doping boric acid using a hardtemplating method. The capacitive performance of these carbons was investigated in organic and H2SO4 electrolytes. As demonstrated by structure analysis the prepared carbons possessed parallel mesoporous channels. The pore size increased from 3.3 to 5.7 nm and the molar fraction of oxygenated groups on the carbon surface increased from 2.0％ to 5.2％ with an increase in the amount of boric acid doping from 0 to 50％ (molar fraction). In the organic electrolyte, the carbons mainly showed typical electric double layer capacitive performance and no visible pseudo-capacitance was induced. In H2SO4 electrolytes, BOMC-5 showed the highest specific mass capacitance of 140.9 F·g-1 and the specific surface capacitance of the prepared carbons increased with an increase in the oxygenated groups and this carbon showed visible pseudo-capacitance because of the rapid redox reactions of the oxygenated groups. The capacitance retention ratio depends on the surface chemical properties, which determines the wettability of the carbon surface and the electrolytes.
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