通过真空抽滤的方法制备碳纳米管纸,并对其进行循环伏安电化学氧化处理.以该电化学氧化处理的碳纳米管(CV-CNT)纸为基体,采用电化学聚合沉积聚苯胺(PANI),随后吸附石墨烯(GR),制备具有三明治夹心结构的碳纳米管/聚苯胺/石墨烯(CV-CNT/PANI/GR)复合纳米碳纸.该结构外层为GR,内层由PANI包裹的CNT形成网络骨架,充分发挥三者各自优势构建柔性电极材料.用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、拉曼光谱对其形貌与结构进行表征,并测试其电化学性能.研究发现:PANI呈纳米晶须状,并均匀包裹在CV-CNT表面;该复合碳纸具有良好的电容特性、大电流充放电特性以及良好的循环稳定性能.电流密度为0.5A·g-1时,比电容可达415F·g-1;20A·g-1时仍能保持106 F·g-1的比电容.由于GR的保护作用,1000次循环之后较CV-CNT/PANI保持更高的有效比电容.该CV-CNT/PANI/GR复合碳纸展现出在高性能超级电容器柔性电极材料的潜在应用价值.%Flexible carbon nanotube/polyaniline/graphene (CNT/PANI/GR) composite papers were prepared by electrochemical polymerization of PAN I on cyclic voltammetry electrochemical oxidized CNT (CV-CNT) papers and the successive adsorption of GR. CNT, PANI, and GR provided a flexible conducting network skeleton, faradaic pseudocapacitive material, and surface conductivity modification properties, respectively. The composite papers exhibited a sandwich structure with an outer layer of GR and an inner layer composite network of CV-CNT/PANI, taking full advantage of the superior properties of the three components. The structure and morphology were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy. The chemical capacitance characteristics were studied thoroughly. It was shown that PANI nanowhiskers wrapped around the CV-CNT surface evenly. The composite paper exhibited enhanced capacitance and high current charge/discharge characteristics as a supercapacitor electrode. The specific capacitance level could reach 415 F·g-1 at a current density of 0.5 A·g-1 and maintain a level of 106 F·g-1 at the higher current density of 20 A·g-1 In the protection of GR, the composite maintained a higher capacitance thanCV-CNT/PANI after 1000 cycles, suggesting that the CV-CNT/PANI/GR composite would be an ideal flexible electrode material for a supercapacitor.
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