血清学和分子生物学流行病学调查揭示了微小支原体/附红细胞体是海南岛主要猪嗜血支原体

摘要

猪支原体Mycoplasma suis和微小支原体M.parvum是猪附红细胞体病的两种常见病原.迄今为此,海南省未见猪附红细胞体病的病原类型和流行病学的报道.本研究为了调查海南省猪附红细胞体病的流行情况和病原类型,利用普通PCR、实时定量PCR和免疫诊断快速检测试纸条对猪附红细胞体病进行了检测.利用通用引物对附红细胞体/支原体的16S rRNA和23S rRNA基因进行PCR扩增和测序,并做进一步的系统发育树分析,以此鉴定猪附红细胞体/支原体的种类.结果表明,海南的样品中6.4％ (15/233)的猪感染了M.parvum,而中国大陆地区如北京、贵州、福建省感染的猪附红细胞体/支原体种类为M.suis,感染率分别为2.1％ (2/95)、0.4％ (1/218)和4.2％ (2/47),海南岛猪感染的猪附红细胞体/支原体的优势种类与中国其他地区的优势种类不同.三种诊断方法中,实时定量PCR和免疫诊断快速检测试纸条检测比普通PCR检测更为灵敏.然而,尽管鉴定了海南省的猪携带了M.parvum,但需要进一步的研究来了解该病原的进化、致病性和疾病传播特性.%Mycoplasma suis and M.parvum are epierythrocytic prokaryotes and causative agents of porcine eperythrozoonosis.Its infections in pigs from Hainan Island,China have not been previously reported.The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Mycoplasma spp.in pigs in Hainan Island,China.The study includes PCR amplification and sequencing using universal primers for 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA genes and further phylogenetic analysis.A total 593 samples were collected and tested for M.suis and M.parvum by end point PCR,real-time PCR and a kit based on immuno-chromatographic assay.The results showed that 6.4％ (15/233) pigs from Hainan Island,China were found positive with M.parvum.This study raises an interesting question regarding the probability of different endemic Mycoplasma species presence in the Island when compared to the Mainland China (Beijing,Guizhou and Fujian provinces with 2.1％ (2/95),0.4 ％ (1/218) and 4.2％ (2/47),respectively),where only M.suis has been found in this study.Out of three diagnostic tests we used here,we found that real-time PCR and immunochromatography are more sensitive than the end point PCR for detection of Mycoplasma spp.from pig blood samples.Our present study describes that M.parvum is present in pigs from Hainan.This raises a need for further studies to understand the economic importance,evolution and transmission of the species.