防隔热一体化复合材料整体性能优化设计方法

摘要

集非烧蚀、隔热和轻质可靠于一体的一类新型热防护材料是我国未来新型空天飞行器发展的核心技术,耐高温表层与内层隔热层的界面处是热失配最严重的区域,材料内部的梯度过渡设计是实现防隔热一体化复合材料的关键.为了提高材料的整体综合性能,首先利用单纯形法和邻域培植多目标遗传算法对材料梯度层组分过渡形式和材料尺寸参数进行了确定性优化,并以所获最优解作为初始值,进一步考虑了材料性能、载荷条件等的随机波动,采用6Sigma方法对材料整体性能进行了可靠性优化.结果表明:通过该优化策略,在获得满足可靠性要求的最优材料性能参数的同时,可以有效提高优化效率,对于计算模型复杂的优化问题尤为重要.%The development of a new kind of thermal protection material which combines non-ablation, thermal insulation, light-weight and reliability is the core technology for the development of new hypersonic vehicle.The interfaces between different materials are the most serious areas of thermal mismatch.The design of the gradient layers is the key to the realization of the composite material.To improve the performances of the composite material, deterministic optimization of transitional form of material components of the gradient layers and the material size parameters was made by using simplex method and neighborhood cultivation multi-objective genetic algorithm.Six Sigma method was further used to optimize the performances of the composite material considering uncertainty of material properties and load conditions and taking the above optimal solution as initial value.The optimization result shows that the optimization strategy can effectively improve the optimization efficiency while obtaining the optimal material performance parameters that meet the requirement of material reliability, which is especially important for calculating complex optimization problems.