补光对越冬灰仓鼠体重、主要器官指数及精子数量的影响

摘要

目的 研究补光对灰仓鼠(Cricetulus migratorus)越冬时脏器器官的影响.方法 室温下将其分为自然光照组和补充光照组,分别在第0、30、48和150天时测定动物的体重和脏器器官的重量,应用涂片法检查精子的数量.结果 自然光照时,精子数量在冬至时变化不大,但冬至后第18天,灰仓鼠的睾丸系数降到最低值,精子数量仅为422枚,第150天时恢复到正常繁殖状态,精子数量达到7440枚.其他脏器指数在冬至时最高,第150天时最低.补充光照后,雌雄鼠体重高峰值时间均比自然光照组提前100 d,各器官指数变化与体重变化情况相类似,但睾丸和子宫系数维持稳定,精子数量未发现减少.结论 在自然光照时越冬灰仓鼠的脏器指数逐渐下降,第150天时脏器指数达至最高值,睾丸指数在冬至后第18天下降到最低值,处于非繁殖状态.补充光照后,越冬灰仓鼠的精子数量和子宫指数变化不大,一直维持繁殖状态.%Objective To analyze and compare the variation of organ coefficient of Cricetulus migratorus under conditions of room temperature and illumination supplement. The C. migratorus were randomly divided into group A for natural light and group B for illumination supplement. Methods Eighty healthy 2-3-month old C. migratorus (male : female = 1:1) were included in this study. The animals were sacrificed at day 30 , 48 and 150 , and the weights of body and organs were measured, and number of sperm counted. Results Under the condition of natural light, the testicle coefficient of the overwintering C. migratorus decreased to a minimum value and the sperm count of only 422 at 18 days after the Winter solstice, the C. migratorus was in anestrous season, and the animal returned to normal reproductive status and the sperm count increased to 7440 at day 150 after the winter solstice. Other organ coefficients rose to maximum values at the winter solstice and decreased to the minimum value on day 150 after winter solstice. Under the condition of illumination supplement, the time of peak value of body weight for the males ( at day 30 ) and the females ( at day 48 ) were earlier than the peak value (day 100) under the condition of natural light, the testis and uterus coefficients were almost stead and the breeding state was kept all the time. The variation of all organ coefficients was similar to that of the body weight variation. Conclusions Under the condition of natural light, the organ coefficients of overwintering C. migratorus are decreased, and reach the maximum value at 150 days after winter solstice. The testicle coefficient of the overwintering C. migratorus is decreased to the minimum value at 18 days after winter solstice, and the C. migratorus is in anestrous season. After the supplementary light illumination, the sperm quantity and uterine index are almost stead and the breeding state is kept all the time.