微生物制剂对奥尼罗非鱼生长及消化酶活性的影响

摘要

In the present experiment, the effects of Debaryomyces hanseni, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans (3.0×l011 cfu/kg feed) on growth and the digestive enzyme activities of Oreochromis niloticus×O. Aureus[average initial weight about (34.50±0.25) g] for 56 days were studied. The results showed that compared with the control group (non-supplemented), the weight gain rates of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans were 12.27% and 8.18%, which were higher than that of the control (P＜0.05). The feed coefficients of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans were 10.92% and 8.18%, which were lower than that of the control respectively (P＜0.05). Compared with the control group, the apparent digestibility on dry matter of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans increased by 10.54% and 10.07%, and the protein apparent digestibility increased by 4.18% and 3.65% (P＜0.05). Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans adding to the diets could significantly improve the activities of proteinase in intestine, hepatopancreas and stomach of Oreochromis niloticus×O. Aureus (P＜0.05) compared to the control group and Debaryomyces hanseni group, but three Micoecologics adding to the diets showed no significant difference with the activities of amylase and lipase in intestine, hepatopancreas and stomach of Oreochromis niloticus/O. Aureus (P>0.05). The results suggested that diet with 3.0×l011 cfu/kg feed of Bacillus subtilis supplement could significantly promote the growth of Oreochromis niloticus×O. Aureus and the activities of proteinase in intestine, hepatopancreas and stomach of Oreochromis niloticus×O. Aureus.%选用192 尾初始体重(34.50±0.25) g 的健康奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureu),研究在基础饲料中分别添加相同剂量(活菌含量为3.0×1011 cfu/kg 饲料)的汉逊德巴利酵母、枯草芽孢杆菌和凝结芽孢杆菌对奥尼罗非鱼生长及消化酶活性的影响,试验期56d.试验结果表明,与对照组相比,添加枯草芽孢杆菌和凝结芽孢杆菌,奥尼罗非鱼的增重率分别提高12.27%和8.56%(P<0.05),饵料系数分别降低10.92%和8.18%(P<0.05).饲料干物质表观消化率分别提高10.54%和10.07%(P<0.05),蛋白质表观消化率分别提高4.18%和3.63%(P<0.05).添加枯草芽孢杆菌和凝结芽孢杆菌组,奥尼罗非鱼肠道、肝胰脏和胃蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组和汉逊德巴利酵母组(P <0.05),而添加三种微生物制剂对奥尼罗非鱼肠道、肝胰脏和胃的淀粉酶和脂肪酶没有显著影响(P>0.05).结果显示,三种微生物制剂相互比较,饲料中添加剂量为3.0×1011 cfu/kg饲料的枯草芽孢杆菌和凝结芽孢杆菌能显著提高肠道、肝胰脏和胃的蛋白酶活性,满足最佳生长.