镓矿资源需求趋势分析与中国镓产业发展思考

摘要

Gallium is a kind of associated mineral,which is associated with aluminum,zinc and germanium,with no independent deposit.Gallium resources are abundant in China.As an important semiconductor material,gallium is widely used in radio communication,optical fiber communications,automotive radar,LED lighting,solar cells,and some other fields.Almost all gallium products are related to the current development of modern science and technology as well as to low carbon economy,green energy and environmental protection.With the growing of the gallium consumption and gallium application fields,the importance of gallium has aroused more and more attention in many countries.The authors made use of the sector analysis to predict global gallium metal demand in 2020,which is about 410～430 t.The problem of gallium industry in China was analyzed,and suggestions for increasing downstream gallium product competitiveness and protecting gallium metal production were proposed.%镓是一种伴生矿,主要与铝、锌、锗的矿物伴生,没有独立的矿床,我国金属镓资源储量丰富.作为重要的半导体材料,镓广泛地应用于无线电通讯、光纤通信、汽车雷达、LED照明、太阳能电池等领域,且金属镓所有用途几乎都和当前现代科技发展及低碳经济、绿色能源和环境保护相关.随着镓消费量的不断增长以及镓应用领域的拓展,金属镓的重要性已经被越来越多的国家注意.本文采用部门分析法分别预测镓在砷化镓、LED、薄膜太阳能领域的应用,预测出全球2020年镓金属需求约410～430t,并对中国镓产业发展面临的问题进行分析,提出增强下游镓产品竞争力、保护镓金属产能的政策建议.