GPS观测量先验方差-协方差矩阵实时估计

摘要

GPS观测量的先验方差-协方差矩阵的可靠性直接关系到GPS定位结果和可靠性，关系到模糊度初始化时间、模糊度搜索的可靠性及成功率。本文提出了一种GPS观测量的先验方差-协方差矩阵的实时估计方法。其特点是直接利用伪距和载波相位观测值，来实时估计先验方差-协方差矩阵，而且可广泛应用于各种测量型接收机的各种测量模式。该方法应用于模糊度解算中，并与其他方法进行比较，以检验其效果。%In GPS data processing, a prior variance-covariance of GPSobservations has direct effects on the positioning result and reliability, and on the initializing time, success rate and reliability of ambiguity search. A real-time estimation of a prior variance-covariance for GPS observations is suggested in this paper. The algorithm combines pseudo-range and carrier-phase observations to estimate a prior variance-covariance for the observations in real time, and can be extensively applied in all kinds of processing mode with all kinds of GPS measure receivers. In order to test it, we compare it with other available methods in ambiguity search.