重力场对飞行器制导的影响及海洋重力测线布设

摘要

Centred on the support requirement of flying track control for a long range spacecraft,a detail research is made on the computation of external disturbing gravity field,the survey accuracy of gravity anomaly on the earth’surface and the program of surveying line layout for marine gravity survey.Firstly, the solution expression of navigation error for a long range spacecraft is analyzed and modified,and the influence of the earth’s gravity field on flying track of spacecraft is evaluated.Then with a given limited quota of biased error of spacecraft drop point,the accuracy requirement for calculating the external disturbing gravity field is discussed and researched.Secondly,the data truncation error and the propagated data error are studied and estimated,and the quotas of survey resolution and computation accuracy for gravity anomaly on the earth’surface are determined.Finally,based on the above quotas,a corresponding program of surveying line layout for marine gravity survey is proposed.A numerical test has been made to prove the reasonableness and validity of the suggested program.%重点围绕远程飞行器飞行轨道控制保障需求，开展了空中扰动引力计算和地面重力异常测量精度指标及海洋重力测量测线布设方案的分析与论证。首先通过解析和简化飞行器导航误差解表达式，定量估计了地球重力场对远程飞行器飞行轨迹的影响，并以一定量值的落点偏差为限定指标，研究论证了空中扰动引力的计算精度要求。在此基础上，通过对地面重力异常截断误差及数据传播误差的估计和分析，研究确定了地面/海面网格平均重力异常的观测分辨率和计算精度指标。以此为依据，提出了相对应的海洋重力测量测线布设方案，并通过数值计算验证了所提方案的合理性和有效性。