建立GNSS时间基准的构想和思考

摘要

本文论述了作者对建立全球导航卫星系统(GNSS,Gloal Navigation Satellite System)的系统时间GNSST,守时实验室的时间基准TA(k)和UTC(k)(k为实验室代号)的整体构想和一些思考,并论述了时间尺度算法,驾驭算法,钟差预测算法是如何在其中发挥作用的.以北斗系统为例,提出了使用两级驾驭算法建立北斗系统时间BDT(Beidou System Time)的方法.以国家授时中心(NTSC,National Time Service Center)为例,详细描述了建立TA(NTSC)和UTC(NTSC)的整体构想,方法,原理和理论依据.分析了TA(NTSC)对UTC(NTSC)的性能影响;以及假如用UTC(NTSC)驾驭产生BDT时,UTC(NTSC)对BDT时间同步精度和频率稳定度性能的影响;最后给出了同时使用UTC(NTSC)和UTC(BSNC)来驾驭产生BDT的设想,从理论上分析了采用该方案对BDT性能提升的影响.%The paper describes our thoughts of forming the system time of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS),which is denoted by GNSST,and the time references TA(k) and UTC(k) of a timing laboratory where k characterizes the specific national laboratory.We also describe the roles of time scale algorithms,clock steering algorithms,and clock prediction algorithms in forming these time scales.We take Chinese Beidou satellite navigation system time (denoted BDT) as an example,and propose a twice steering algorithm to form BDT.We take the national time service center (NTSC) of China as an example to describe the idea,method,principle and theory of forming a TA(k) and a UTC(k).Then we analyze the impact of TA(NTSC) on UTC(NTSC),and the impact of UTC(NTSC) on the time synchronization precision and frequency stability performances of BDT if we steered BDT to UTC(NTSC).We also propose an idea of steering BDT to a paper time scale formed from UTC(NTSC) and UTC(BSNC).The performance is theoretically analyzed.