基于MaxEnt模型的当归全球生态适宜区和生态特征研究

摘要

In order to investigate the global ecological suitability and characteristics of regions for the medicinal plant Angelica sinensis,a maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) and geographic information system (GIS) technology were used to investigate global ecology suitability regions based on 109 sample points of A.sinensis and 37 ecological factors.The results showed that global ecological regions that are suitable for A.sinensis are located mainly in the range of 20-50°N and 15-35°S,which includes sections of North America,Europe,Asia,South America and Africa.The total area of suitable regions found was about 5930700 km2.The regions with the most similarity were found to be mainly in the south of Gansu province,Sichuan,the east of the Tibet Autonomous Region,the north of Yunnan province,Guizhou,the southwest of Shanxi province,and other nearby regions.These results signify that China is very suitable for the cultivation and production of A.sinensis.The climatic factors that were found to affect the distribution of A.sinensis were mainly precipitation during warmest quarter,mean temperature of the coldest quarter,and the coefficient of variation of precipitation seasonality,with the most suitable value ranges being 300-700 mm,-3-7℃ and 70-98 respectively.The soil factors affecting the distribution of A.sinensis were found to be mainly the calcium carbonate (lime) content and percentage clay,the value ranges of which were found to be 60％-0％ and 17％-24％,respectively,in the ecologically suitable regions.These results provide a scientific reference for the refinement of the artificial cultivation of A.sinensis.%研究药用植物当归在全球范围内的生态适宜区和生态特征,根据109个当归样本点和37个生态因子,利用最大信息熵模型(MaxEnt)和地理信息系统(Geographic information System,GIS)对其进行全球适宜性区划.结果表明,当归生态适宜区主要集中在北纬20-50°范围内的北美洲、欧洲、亚洲和南纬15-35°范围内的南美洲和非洲,共约593.07万km2.其中生态相似度最高的区域主要分布在中国甘肃省南部、四川省、西藏自治区东部、云南省北部、贵州省、陕西省西南部等地区,可见中国十分适合当归的种植,是当归的主产区.影响当归地理分布的主要气候因子适宜值范围分别为:最暖季降水量为300—700 mm,最冷季平均温为-3-7℃,降水的季节性数值为70-98;影响当归地理分布的主要土壤因子适宜值范围分别为:碳酸钙含量为50％-60％,粘土比重为17％-24％.研究结果为当归人工引种栽培及精细化种植管理提供参考.