Vegetation activity usually reveals some features expressed as dynamic and nonlinear due to climate change,which is mainly characterized as temperature warming.Furthermore,the interaction of multi-factors and multi-processes,and the complex impacts of vegetation activity on climate change are presented,and the features of spatial heterogeneity are reflected.First,research progress on the pros and cons of global warming,and the influence of precipitation variation on vegetation activity are summarized in this paper.A certain degree of temperature and precipitation increase is conducive to enhanced vegetation activity.However,many studies have shown that there will be an adverse impact on vegetation activity if the temperature rises more than 3℃ or the amount of precipitation changes by about 50％;however,the thresholds of key responses to climate change and the problems of vulnerability are still unclear.Then,the coupling effects of climate multifactors on vegetation activity were analyzed.The processes of vegetation activity are influenced by combinations of climate factors,such as water,heat,and light.In particular,warm and wet conditions are most beneficial to vegetation activity.However,the synergistic effect of different climatic condition affecting in vegetation activity process is still difficulty to explain in the study.Finally,the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation activity in response to climatic factors in different regions,and the impact on the distribution of the vegetation zone were noted.For example,vegetation activity in northeast China was more sensitive to temperature,which may shift the forest boundary northward.However,in Western Inner Mongolia,the response to precipitation became dominant and the prairie was degraded.Overall,according to the geographic logic of " process and pattern coupling" in the future,many methods,such as application statistics,experiments,and models,should be integrated in order to enhance study on the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation activity responses to climate change.%植被作为陆地生态系统的主体,在以增暖为主要特征的气候变化影响下,植被活动产生了动态的、非线性的响应规律,并体现出水热要素与植被活动多过程的交互作用和复杂影响机制,形成明显的区域分异特征.总结了温度升高和降水变动对植被活动影响研究进展,一定幅度的增温与增雨有利于植被活动增强,但许多研究认为升温超过3℃,或者降水变化50％,将会对植被活动造成不利影响,而其中的关键响应阈值与脆弱性机制仍不明晰;整合分析了气候多要素对植被活动的耦合效应,水、热、光等气候要素相互叠加共同影响植被活动过程,尤其是暖湿的气候组合对植被活动更为有利.综述了植被活动响应气候变化的区域差异性,及其对植被带分布产生的影响,如我国东北地区的植被活动对温度较为敏感,森林界线发生北移,而内蒙古西部地区则受到水分影响,草原有所退化.提出了今后应遵循“过程和格局耦合”思路,集成应用实验、统计和模型等多种方法,增强植被活动响应气候变化的空间分异规律研究.
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