锂硫电池先进功能隔膜的研究进展

摘要

As the demand to energy storage devices for portable electronics and electric vehicles increase,lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have attracted much attention for its extremely high energy density.However,the low coulombic efficiency,rapid fading capacity,and poor cycle performance of lithium anode hinder the demonstration of practical Li-S cells.The advanced functional separator/interlayer system have been proposed and verified to retard the shuttle of polysulfides and extend the cycling life of a Li-S cell.In this review,the progress on multifunctional separators/interlayers for lithium sulfur batteries are summarized,including permselective separator inhibiting polysulfide shuttles,separator with low interfacial resistance,and composite electrolyte stabilizing anode and retarding the formation of Li dendrites.New insights into challenge and opportunities of multi functional separator/interlayer system are also prospected.%随着电子设备和电动汽车对储能设备性能要求的不断提高,锂硫电池因其多电子转化化学赋予的高能量密度受到广泛关注.当前锂硫电池的实用化受到库伦效率低、正极容量快速衰减、负极循环性能差等问题的制约.针对锂硫电池上述瓶颈,设计多功能电解质系统有望大幅提升活性材料的利用效率及循环寿命.本文综述了近年来锂硫电池中多功能隔膜系统的研究进展,具体包括面向抑制副反应的选择性透过隔膜、面向正极的低界面电阻隔膜以及面向稳定负极界面的隔膜.并展望了锂硫电池多功能隔膜系统面临的科学挑战与未来发展的机遇.