以11个不同适生区甘蓝型油菜品种为材料，研究了油菜生殖生长期植株叶片和角果的光合气体交换参数、光合色素含量、光合关键酶蛋白含量、主要农艺性状及其与产量的关系，探讨影响叶片（角果）光合效率及单株籽粒产量的主要因子，为油菜高产高光效品种的系统评价提供理论依据。结果显示：（1）油菜植株叶片与角果的净光合速率间相关性较小，但叶片净光合速率远大于角果。（2）叶片净光合速率与其叶绿素a＋b含量及气孔导度呈不显著的正相关关系（相关系数较大），与其光合关键酶 PEPC、RuBisCO蛋白含量相关系数较小或呈不显著负相关；角果（皮）净光合速率与其叶绿素a、b含量、类胡萝卜素含量及气孔导度相关性较强；光合色素含量是影响叶片、角果净光合速率的第一主因子。（3）单株叶面积、角果数及角果表面积与籽粒产量显著正相关关系，是影响籽粒产量的第一主因子；叶片净光合速率和角粒数是影响籽粒产量的第二主因子；单株生物学产量与叶面积呈显著正相关关系，角果表面积、叶面积及叶片净光合速率是影响生物学产量的第一、二主要因子。研究表明，油菜高产高光效品种的综合评价指标应首选单株角果数、叶片面积，其次选择叶片净光合速率、叶片和角果皮的叶绿素含量以及角粒数。%Taking 11 Brassica napus L .varieties of different suitable areas as material ,we examined the photosynthetic gas exchange parameters ,photosynthetic pigment contents and key enzyme protein con-tents in leaf and silique of plants during reproductive grow th period ,also investigated agronomic charac-ters ,relationship between yield and photosynthesis of the plants ;The study aimed to explore main factors affecting photosynthetic efficiency of leaves (siliques) and seeds yield per plant ,thus elaborating a theory evidence to systematically assess rape variety with high yield and high photosynthesis efficiency .Results showed that :(1) Net photosynthesis efficiency was hardly correlative among leaves and siliques ,and net photosynthesis efficiency of leaves was far higher than that of siliques .(2) Net photosynthetic efficiency of leaves not significantly positive-correlated with chlorophyll a+b and carotenoid contents(correlation coeffi-cients were higher ) ,and ,not significantly negative-correlated with PEPC ,RuBisCO protein content of leaves ,or the correlation coefficients among net photosynthetic efficiency and PEPC , RuBisCO protein contents were lower .Correlation coefficients of net photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll a ,b ,carote-noid contents ,photosynthetic stomatal conductance of silique (shell) were higher .Photosynthesis pigment contents were first principal factor influenced photosynthesis efficiency of leaves and silique .(3) Leaf area ,silique number and silique surface area significantly correlated with seeds yield of rape plant .These indexes were attributed to first principal factors influenced the seeds yield ;similarly ,net photosynthetic efficiency of leaves and seed number per silique were attributed to second principal factor influenced the seed yield .Significantly ,leaf area and biological yield was correlated ,the silique surface area ,leaf surface area and leaf net photosynthetic efficiency were statistically attributed to primary or second principal factors influenced biological production of a rape plant .Thus leaf area and silique number per plant are primary indexes ,and leaf net photosynthesis efficiency ,chlorophyll content of leaves and silique shell , and ,seed number per silique are second indexes in assessing rape variety with high light efficiency and high yield .
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