身管武器时延式喷管减后坐动力学建模仿真

摘要

为了大幅度降低身管武器发射时的后坐力并使弹丸的初速基本保持不变,提出并设计了新型时延式喷管气流反推减后坐装置.通过适当延迟打开身管导气孔的时间,使膛内压力延时下降,从而使弹丸的初速近似保持不变;推导了新的变质量内弹道方程和变质量后效期气体运动方程,该组方程考虑了膛内火药气体与导气装置以及喷管气流反推装置的质量和能量输送;建立了时延式喷管气流反推减后坐装置数学模型并进行了仿真分析,得出了时延式喷管气流反推减后坐装置的某些结构参数对武器减后坐性能的影响规律.仿真结果表明:时延式喷管气流反推减后坐装置能够提供足够大的反后坐冲量,在有效降低身管武器发射后坐力的同时对初速的影响较小.%In order to reduce the recoil force of automatic weapon system and keep the initial velocity of projectile unchanged,a time-delay nozzle flow recoil-reduction device is presented.The in-bore pressure drop is delayed by opening the gas port of the barrel in an appropriate time-delay,thus keeping the initial velocity of projectile unchanged.A mathematical model considering variable mass effect in interior ballistic and after-effect process is derived,in which the mass and energy transferring process is considered.In addition,a mathematical model describing the relationship between time-delay nozzle gas flow and recoil force is established.The effects of some structural parameters on recoil-reduction efficiency are studied through simulation.The results show that the time-delay nozzle flow device can provide sufficient anti-recoil impulse,and can reduce the recoil force effectively while has less effect on the initial velocity.