炮用象限仪角度测量不确定度的评定方法

摘要

竞争择优任务要求炮用象限仪角度测量结果给出不确定度,以便于不同行业领域的理解、交流和比对.在评定测量不确定度的过程中,鉴于实际工程测量样本量小而难以实施A类评定的问题,提出用实验室校准过程近似实际测量过程,利用历史校准数据和线性回归方法,建立了基于统计过程控制技术的A类评定方法,以某型炮用象限仪的历史校准数据并结合MATLAB工具验证该方法可行.用测量不确定传递率法得到了该型炮用象限仪测量范围内任意角度上的扩展不确定度曲线,并用蒙特卡洛法对其进行了验证.%In order to facilitate understanding,exchange and comparison,a clinometer is asked to provide an uncertainty in the competition task.In the actual measurement,the evaluation of class A is difficult when the sample size is small.A laboratory calibration process is proposed to approximate the actual measurement process.The historical calibration data and linear regression are used to establish a class A evaluation method based on statistical process control technology.The method is proved to be feasible by using the historical calibration data of a certain type of clinometer and the MATLAB tool.The GUM method is used to obtain the extended uncertainty curve at any angle.This conclusion is verified by Monte Carlo method.