调控水稻产量性状的分子机理研究进展

摘要

随着水稻高产相关基因的克隆与功能分析，调控水稻产量的分子机理逐渐被人们了解与解读。株型控制由基因IPA1及4个直接控制分蘖的基因来共同完成。已报道的与穗发育相关的基因有11个，其中3个基因参与穗分化基本生物学过程，6个基因参与调控籽粒分化比率，2个基因参与调控穗分化期。控制水稻粒型和粒重的基因有5个，分别参与籽粒长、籽粒宽和灌浆过程。水稻产量基因的克隆与解读为水稻高产育种提供了理论指导。%With a large number of genes contributed to high-yield in rice had been mapped and cloned , the molecular mechanism underlying yield traits has been gradually understood in rice .IPA1 gene and four other genes directly con-trolling tiller development were cooperated with each other for conferring the plant architecture traits .Up to now, it was reported that 11 genes participated in the panicle formation , 3 of which were involved in the basic biological processes in panicle development , while 6 genes regulated the rate of spikelet formation , and 2 genes regulated the duration of panicle differentiation .Genes for determination of grain size or grain weight had five members , which were involved in grain length , grain width and the filling of grain , respectively .Cloning and understanding the mo-lecular nature of genes controlling rice yield traits may be a fundamental implication for rice genetic improvements .