于2015年8月采集青藏高原5种类型(栗钙土、山地草甸土、黑钙土、灰漠土和灰褐土)的15 cm土壤,采用Illumina高通量测序技术研究土壤细菌群落结构及多样性,并结合土壤因子对土壤细菌群落结构和多样性进行相关性分析.结果表明,土壤类型中有机碳和总氮含量的大小排序为栗钙土>山地草甸土>黑钙土>灰漠土>灰褐土,样地海拔与土壤养分的积累量没有相关性.土壤细菌群落相对丰度在5%以上的优势类群包括变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、绿弯菌门和厚壁菌门6大类.栗钙土和山地草甸土土壤细菌α多样性(物种丰富度和系统发育多样性)显著(Pmountain meadow soils>chernozems>gray desert soils >gray-cinnamon soils. There was no correlation between soil nutrient accumulation and the elevation of the sampling sites. The dominant phyla across all the soils were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteri, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi and Firmicutes. The bacteria diversity ( species richness and phylogenetic diversity) of castanozeras and mountain meadow soils was significantly ( P <0. 05 ) higher than that of other soil types. Phylogenetic diversity in gray desert soil was significantly (P<0. 05) lower than that of other soil types. The lowest phylotype richness was observed in gray-cinnamon soil. The results of the canonical correspondence and Pear-son correlation analysis showed that soil moisture content, and contents of potassium, total organic carbon and total nitrogen were the main factors that affected the soil bacterial community composition and alpha diversity in these five soil types.
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