红地球葡萄枝条生长动态模拟模型研究

摘要

为探明甘肃主栽鲜食葡萄品种红地球的不同植株新生枝条生长动态变化情况，2015年4月-2016年9月从萌芽期至浆果成熟期在试验园不同位置选取日照充足且无相互遮挡的9株葡萄，对其单侧蔓的新生枝条分别进行标记、观测、记录。试验数据表明，葡萄新生枝条的生长过程符合先慢后快再变慢的“S”型生长规律。因此以生理发育时间（PDT）为步长，利用Richards方程模拟葡萄新生枝条节间伸长和节间增粗的动态过程，并使用不同植株不同侧蔓的新生枝条对其结果进行了检验。同时建立了花序（果穗）生长与各节间粗度的线性方程，并对结果进行了检验。结果显示，节间长度模拟值的RMSE范围为0.743～2.632 cm；节间粗度模拟值的RMSE范围为0.019～0.036 cm；花序（果穗）部分模拟模型中红地球葡萄的节间粗度模拟值的RMSE范围为0.035～0.149 cm.%Based on experimental data in 2015 and 2016, the dynamic changes of the growth of newborn branches of the main cultivated grape variety Red Globe in Gansu Province was analyzed.For two consecutive years from April 2015 to September 2016, 9 grape plants with abundant sunshine were chosen in different locations of the test garden from the germination to berry mature period, and numbered tags were put on the bearing shoot and foliage branch of the side branches respectively.The length and thickness of the branches were measured once every two days in regular season, but once a day during the period of vigorous internode growth between the early April and late May.The variation was observed and recorded.The experimental data showed that the growth process of newborn grape branches followed the "S" growth rule, which grew slowly at first, quickly in the middle period, and then at a diminishing rate into the end.By using physiological development time (PDT) as a measurement tool, Richards equation was applied to simulate the dynamic process of internode elongation and thickening of newborn grape branches;meanwhile, the linear equation between the inflorescence growth (cluster) and the thickness of different internodes was established.The results of simulation model showed, the range of RMSE (root mean square errors) value of internode elongation simulation was 0.743-2.632 cm, while that of the internode thickness simulation value was 0.019-0.036 cm.And the range of RMSE value of inflorescence (cluster) simulation model to the internode thickness simulation value of Red Globe grape variety was 0.035-0.149 cm.