甘蓝型油菜小孢子培养及技术简化研究

摘要

With 64 genotypes of Brassica napus L.breeding lines as materials ,experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of different genotypes ,cold pretreatment on buds and simplification of microspore culture methods on the yield of embryo in microspore culture .The main findings are as follows:( 1 ) Genotype is the most important factor in microspore culture ,for the 64 donor materials used ,the yield of embryo ranged from 0 to 31.23/bud;( 2) Cold pretreatment on buds is beneficial to microspore embryogenesis ,and with the extension of the pretreatment time,the yield of embryo increased first and then decreased .(3) Simplification of separa-tion lotion formula has no significant effect on the yield of embryo .( 4) The percentage of microspore enlarge-ment after one day ’ s heat shock culture is a reference index for embryogenesis .%本试验对64份甘蓝型油菜品系（种）进行小孢子培养，研究不同基因型、花蕾低温预处理、简化分离洗液配方等对产胚率的影响，结果表明，（1）基因型是影响油菜小孢子培养效果的关键因素，不同基因型材料产胚率变幅在0～31．23个/蕾；（2）低温预处理花蕾能够提高胚状体诱导频率，且随着预处理时间的延长，产胚率总体呈先上升，后下降的规律；（3）简化分离洗液配方对后期产胚率影响不显著；（4）32℃热击培养1 d后倒置显微镜下小孢子的培养反应，即小孢子膨大的数量及比例是快速评估最终产胚率的参考指标。