稻草全量还田下氮肥运筹对双季晚稻产量和稻米品质的影响

摘要

A 2-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of nitrogen management on grain yield and quality of late rice ( Ganxin 688) under full straw return.The results showed that straw return significantly increased rice yield by 8.8%and improved the appearance,cooking,and nutritional quality of late rice,while the milling quality was reduced.Under straw return,the appropriate rate of nitrogen fertilizer was 180-200 kg/hm2 .When the ratio of nitrogen fertilizer at basal,tillering,panicle initiation was 5∶2∶3 under straw re-turn,the number of grains per panicle,1 000-grain weight,and grain yield were the highest with a harmonious yield component,and the milling and appearance quality performed best.%以淦鑫688为材料，研究稻草全量还田下氮肥运筹对其产量和稻米品质的影响。结果表明：稻草全量还田后晚稻增产8．8％，达到极显著，且稻米的外观、蒸煮和营养品质得到明显改善，但加工品质降低。稻草全量还田下，施氮量与产量呈抛物线相关，合理的施氮范围为180～200 kg／hm2；施氮比例为m（基肥）∶m（分蘖肥）∶m（穗肥）＝5∶2∶3时，每穗总粒数和千粒质量最大，产量构成因素间协调，产量最高，稻米加工品质和外观品质最佳。