滴灌下不同基追肥比例对甜玉米生长及肥料利用效率的影响

摘要

This study was to deal with the effect of fertilization on growth of sweet corn,and work a reason-able ratio of base fertilizer to topdressing fertilizer under drip irrigation. A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different ratios of base fertilizer to topdresing fertilizer on growth,yield,quality and nutrient utilization of sweet corn.The results showed that the growth,yield and nutrient use efficiency of sweet corn was influenced significantly by different ratios of base fertilizer to topdresing fertilizer.The corn yield and 100 grain weight of sweet corn in the treatment of the ratio of 1:1 were significantly higher than that in other four treat-ments,with the increments of 11.37%-39.38% and 9.68%-30.18%,repectively.The vitamin C,soluble sugar and soluble solids content of sweet corn reduced when all of the fertilizer was applied as base fertilizer.The nu-trient use efficiency in the treatment of the ratio of 1:1 had better performace than the other treatments. Com-pared with T1,the nutrient use efficiency of nitrogen,potassium and magnesium were increased by 60.84%, 65.83% and 61.92%,respectively.All these suggests that the best ratio of base fertilizer to topdresing fertilizer is 1:1,which provides a theoretical basis for sweet corn production.%通过田间试验,研究在滴灌施肥条件下不同基追肥比例对甜玉米的生长、产量、品质及肥料利用效率的影响.结果表明,不同基追肥比例对甜玉米的生长、产量及肥料利用效率产生显著影响.基追肥比例为1:1时甜玉米的产量和百粒质量最高,显著高于其余4个处理,增幅分别达到11.37%~39.38%和9.68%~30.18%.在品质方面,当所有肥料做基肥施用时不利于品质形成,甜玉米的维生素C、可溶性糖和可溶性固形物含量均显著低于其余各处理.在肥料利用效率方面,以基追肥比例为1:1处理综合表现较好,显著提高氮、钾和镁利用效率,与全部肥料做基肥处理相比分别提高60.84%、65.83%和61.92%.总体而言,以基追肥比例为1:1处理的效果最好,在甜玉米的生产实践中具有一定的参考意义.