以 9 个杂交粳稻新恢复系和 4 个 BT 型粳稻不育系为亲本, 采用不完全双列杂交(NCⅡ) 设计配制 36个组合,对产量相关性状和外观品质性状进行配合力和遗传力分析.结果表明: 所研究性状一定程度上均受基因加性和非加性效应的共同影响,多数性状父本的影响大于母本.申恢 415、 申恢 26、 申繁 C8 和申繁 C7 是较优的杂交粳稻新恢复系,由其作为父本较易配制出高产优质杂交粳稻新组合.申繁 40 的小区产量和外观品质特殊配合力方差较大,作为父本也有可能配制出高产优质杂交粳稻新组合.株高、 播始历期、 每穗总粒数、 结实率、千粒重和单株穗数的广义遗传力较高;播始历期和千粒重的狭义遗传力也较高, 加性遗传作用较大, 而每穗总粒数、 结实率、 单株穗数的非加性遗传作用更为突出.%Using 9 new restorer lines and 4 BT-type male sterile lines of japonica hybrid rice as parents,36 hybrid rice combinations were prepared by incomplete diallel crossing (NCII) , and the combining ability and heritability of yield related characters and appearance quality characters were analyzed. The results showed that all the characters were affected by both additive and non-additive effects of genes to a certain extent,and most of the characters were affected more by the male parent than by the female parent. Shenhui 415, Shenhui 26, Shenfan C8 and Shenfan C7 were superior new restorer lines of japonica hybrid rice, and easier to prepare new combinations of japonica hybrid rice with high yield and good quality as male parent. It was also possible for Shenfan 40 to prepare new combinations of japonica hybrid rice with high yield and good quality as a male parent because its special combining ability variance of plot yield and appearance quality was large. The broad-sense heritability of plant height,days from sowing to heading,grain number per panicle,seed setting rate,1 000-grain weight and panicle number per plant was higher. The narrow-sense heritability of days from sowing to heading and 1 000-grain weight was higher also,and the additive inheritance played an important role,while the non-additive inheritance of grain number per panicle,seed setting rate and panicle number per plant was more prominent.
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