几种常见作物模型的研究进展及其参数优化

摘要

随着信息技术的迅速发展,“数字农业”已成为现代农业发展的热点,作物模型作为“数字农业”的核心,已经得到越来越广泛地应用.根据实际情况,选择合适的模型;通过信息化手段.获取更为优化的参数,可以为农业生产提供更好的模拟与预测.以作物模型ORYZA 2000、CERES、DNDC、Aqua Crop、APSIM以及CCSODS为例,介绍了其起源与发展,分析其原理、结构组成和研究应用,归纳各模型的参数,并从手动获取与自动获取两个方面总结了各模型的输入参数.最后展望了作物模型可以在两个方面进行优化,一是作物模型与栽培优化原理结合,二是作物模型与“3S”技术结合.通过对模型的概述及参数的总结,为作物模型的选择和优化提供依据.%With the rapid development of information technology," Digital Agriculture" has become the hot topic of modern agriculture development.Crop model has been increasingly widely used as the core of "Digital Agriculture".It can provide better simulation and prediction of agricultural production by selecting the appropriate model according to the actual situation and obtaining more optimized parameters by information technology.Therefore,it is necessary to know and optimize the crop model.In this paper,crop model ORYZA 2000,CERES,DNDC,Aqua,Crop,APSIM and CCSODS are used as examples.Firstly,the origin and development of the models are introduced.Secondly,the principle,structure and application of the crop models are analyzed.Thirdly,parameters of each model are summarized and input parameters are analyzed from two aspects,including manual acquisition and automatic acquisition.Finally,the crop models can be optimized in two aspects:one is the combination of crop model and cultivation optimization principle,the other is the combination of crop model and "3S" technology.In this paper crop models are summarized and the parameters of the models are analyzed in order to provide a basis for the selection and optimization of crop models.