人工湿地处理畜禽养殖废水的研究与展望

摘要

Livestock wastewater contains high concentration of organic matter,ammonia nitrogen,phosphorus and suspended solids.The investment and running cost of traditional wastewater treatment processes are usually expensive.In addition,the removal efficiency of nutrients by traditional wastewater treatment processes is less effective.Constructed wetland has the advantage with low investment and simple maintenance,which is technical maturity and used widely.Particularly,constructed wetland has good removal efficiency for nutrients,which is beneficial to recycling of resources.This paper analyzed briefly the situation of livestock wastewater and advantages and disadvantages of traditional wastewater treatment processes,and further summarized the development situation of livestock wastewater treatment using by constructed wetlands in China and oversea.Then,the main problems of constructed wetland for livestock wastewater treatment were concluded.Finally,future research interests on constructed wetland technique were also proposed.%畜禽养殖废水含有高浓度的有机物、氨氮、磷及悬浮物等污染物,传统污水处理方法用于畜禽养殖废水处理不仅设备投资多,运行成本高,氮磷等营养元素还难以得到深度净化.人工湿地是一种技术成熟、应用广泛的污水处理生态工程技术,具有投资少、运行维护简便等优点,尤其对畜禽养殖废水中氮磷等营养成分具有较好的去除效果,有利于资源的循环利用.通过对畜禽养殖废水的现状和传统处理方法的利弊的分析,综述了国内外人工湿地处理畜禽养殖废水的研究现状和人工湿地处理畜禽养殖废水存在的主要问题,并就今后的研究方向进行了展望.