白蚁肠道内的共生微生物区系

摘要

白蚁是少数几种以木质纤维素类物质为食的动物之一,在自然界木质纤维素循环中担当重要角色,并可为木质纤维素转化为生物燃料提供生化催化剂.白蚁的后肠内包含有密集的和种类丰富的微生物,这些微生物可降解纤维素和半纤维素、发酵成短链的脂肪酸、脂肪酸被白蚁吸收,它们主要有原生动物(低等白蚁)、细菌、真菌等.综述了白蚁肠道内共生微生物与宿主的共生关系及其微生物的应用前景.%Termite is one of the few animals which solely feed on lignocelluloses substance, therefore it plays important roles in the carbon circulation in the natural environment, and can provide biochemical catalysts for transforming lignocelluloses into biofuel. The hind - gut of termite contains dense and species - rich microbial populations which can degrade lignocelluloses and semi - cellulose into short -chain fatty acid, fatty acid can be absorbed by termite, and these microbial populations include eukaryotic protozoa ( low - class termite), bacteria, fungi and so on. This article summarized the symbiotic microbiota in the gut of termite and their symbiotic relationship with the animal host, and discussed the application prospects of these microorganisms.