通过在江北农场二分场布置中稻的“3414”肥料效应试验,研究了江汉平原地区氮、磷、钾肥对中稻产量和经济效应的影响.结果表明,合理施肥改善了作物的经济性状,增加了单株有效分蘖数、有效穗数和结实率,提高了中稻的产量和经济效益,中稻施用氮肥的效果最好,最高增产可达2395.5 kg/hm2,最高增收可达4487.1元/hm2；钾肥次之,最高增产可达912.0 kg/hm2,最高增收可达1766.4元/hm2；磷肥效果最差,最高增产可达672.0 kg/hm2,最高增收可达1259.5元/hm2.通过配置三元二次和一元二次肥效模型,结合田间试验实际情况,确定中稻最高产量的氮、磷、钾施肥量分别为211.5、67.5、51.0kg/hm2,最经济施肥量分别为175.5、52.5、48.0 kg/hm2.%A "3414" fertilizer experiment was carried out in the second branch of Jiangbei Farm to study the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer combined application on the yield and economic benefit of mid - season rice on Jianghan plain. The results showed that the rational fertilization improved the economic characters of mid - season rice, increased the effective tillers per plant, effective panicles per plant and seed setting rate, and enhanced the yield and economic benefit of mid - season rice. Nitrogen fertilizer application had the best effects, and it could increase the yield and economic income by 2395.5 kg/hm2 and 4487.1 yuan per hectare at most, respectively; followed by potassium fertilizer application, and the highest increase in the yield and economic income was 912.0 kg/hm2 and 1766.4 yuan per hectare respectively; while phosphorus fertilizer application had the worst effects. According to the constructed ternary quadratic and unitary quadratic fertilizer efficiency models and the actual instance in the test field, this paper ascertained that the application rate of N, P and K fertilizer for obtaining the highest yield of mid -season rice was 211.5, 67.5 and 51.0 kg/hm2 respectively, and that for obtaining the most economic income was 175.5, 52.5 and 48.0 kg/hm2 respectively.
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