日照站探测环境变化对气象要素影响分析

摘要

选择日照站周边莒县、莒南、胶南站为对比参考站，选用1961～2010年气象观测资料，采用差值和趋势计算方法，通过日照站与参考站年平均气温、相对湿度、风速以及年降水量分析对比，分析了日照站站址迁移和城市化引起的气象探测环境改变对气象要素的影响，结果表明：日照站因迁移年平均气温降低0．3℃左右，年平均相对湿度、风速和降水量受影响较小；日照站受城市化进程加快的影响，年平均气温升高0．2℃左右，年平均相对湿度降低3％左右，年平均风速减小1．2 m／s左右，年降水量基本没受影响；受探测环境影响，日照站现址气温、相对湿度观测资料代表性减弱，风速资料已失去代表性；因此，提出了为保持日照站历史观测资料序列的均一性，需对现址观测资料作均一化处理和科学订正，并建议尽早实施日照站迁移，并做好气象探测环境专项保护规划，保持站址的长期稳定，保护探测环境长期不变。%Selecting Juxian , Ju’ nan and Jiaonan around Rizhao station as the contrast reference stations , according to the me-teorological observational data during 1961~2010, using difference value and trend calculation methods , through comparing the an-nual average air temperature , relative humidity , wind speed and annual rainfall between Rizhao station and reference stations , the author analyzed the influence of detective environmental change of Rizhao station , which was caused by the site migration of Rizhao station and the urbanization of Rizhao city , on the meteorological factors .The results indicated that the annual average air tempera-ture of Rizhao station was decreased by about 0.3 ℃ due to the site migration, while the annual average relative humidity , wind speed and rainfall were less influenced .Because of the influence of fast urbanization , the annual average air temperature of Rizhao station was increased by about 0.2℃, the annual average relative humidity and wind speed were decreased by around 3%and 1.2 m/s respectively , but the annual rainfall was basically not affected .Being effected by the detective environmental change , the repre-sentativeness of air temperature and relative humidity data observed by Rizhao station in present site weakened , and that of wind speed data has already lost .Therefore , in order to keep the uniformity of historical observational data sequence of Rizhao station , we should carry out uniformized treatment and scientific correction on the observational data obtained by Rizhao station in present site , implement the migration of Rizhao station as early as possible , and do the protection planning of meteorological detective environ-mental special project well .