不同提取剂对广西某河流表层沉积物中重金属有效态浸提效率的研究

摘要

The extraction efficiencies of 3 kinds of extractants (DTPA, HCl and aqua regia) on effective-state heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr and Ni) in deposit sediments in a river of Guangxi were studied, and the correlations between the extracted effective-state amount and the full amount of heavy metals in the deposit sediments were analyzed .The results showed that:differ-ent extractants had different abilities to extract the effective-state heavy metals from the same deposit sediment samples , their ex-traction efficiency on effective-state Cu and Cd had the order of aqua regia>DTPA>HCl, and that on effective-state Pb, Zn, Cr and Ni revealed the sequence of aqua regia>HCl>DTPA;the effective-state amount of various heavy metals extracted by aqua regia was significantly positively correlated with their full amount in deposit sediments (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and the effective-state a-mount of Cu and Pb extracted by HCl was significantly positively correlated with their full amount in deposit sediments (P<0.01).%研究了3种提取剂（ DTPA、HCl、王水）对广西某河流表层沉积物中6种重金属元素（ Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr和Ni）有效态的提取率，并分析了沉积物重金属有效态浸提量与全量间的相关性。结果表明：不同提取剂对同一沉积物样品重金属有效态的提取能力有差异，对有效态Cu和Cd的提取能力表现为王水＞DTPA＞HCl，对有效态Pb、Zn、Cr、Ni的提取能力表现为王水＞HCl＞DTPA；用王水提取的各重金属有效态的量与其在沉积物中的全量均呈极显著或显著正相关，用HCl提取的有效态Cu和Pb的量与其在沉积物中的全量均呈极显著正相关。